COMMON DISEASES IN OLDAGE

Health care in old age
 Alzheimer's Disease
 Mental Illnesses
 Arthritis and Osteoporosis
 Blood Pressure
 Heart problems and Heart attack
 Stroke
 Cancer
 Diabetes
 Kidney disease
 Control Obesity
 Prostate Enlargement
 Osteoporosis (Weak bones)
 Tuberculosis
 Eyes Diseases
 Skin Care
 Mosquito bite Diseases
 Fall-related injury in old age

 

Alzheimer's Disease  Alzheimer's Disease is a brain disorder and a slow and gradual disease that begins in the part of the brain that controls the memory. As it spreads to other parts of the brain, it affects a greater number of intellectual, emotional and behavioral abilities. There is no known cause for this disease. As a person grows older, he is at greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s. After 60, the risk is one in 20, but after 80 it is one in five.” No one knows why it happens, but it occurs when cells in the brain start dying. It is  degenerative and leads to progressive mental deterioration.   The best way to prevent these conditions from occurring is to keep yourself mentally busy. Take part in activities such as dancing, yoga and meditation. Read books, play board games and interact with other people to enhance the quality of your life. Eat a balanced nutritious diet and avoid alcohol and smoking. Consult your doctor about mineral and vitamin supplements that could be of help. In some cases you may be prescribed medicines.                                           Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder and a slow and gradual disease that begins in the part of the brain that         controls the memory.   More...     Brain shrinkage or atrophy is a natural part of ageing but it is known to be accelerated in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a kind of memory loss and forgetfulness and Alzheimer's. Scientists at the University of Oxford conducted a trial on 168 people and found that taking high doses of three vitamin B supplements every.   A new study has shown that drinking beet juice daily can increase blood flow to the brain in older adults. This finding could hold great potential for combating the dementia.  Baycrest's Rotman Research Institute has found that speaking two languages can help delay the onset of Alzheimer's symptoms by as much as five years. The special ability with two languages seems to equip people with compensatory skills to hold back the telltale symptoms of Alzheimer's, such as memory loss, confusion, and difficulties with problem-solving and planning.    Researchers at the British Science Festival in September 2011 reported findings that high doses of B vitamins and folic acid could reduce memory decline and brain shrinkage in those already suffering from mild cognitive impairment.   Mental Illnesses   According to World Health Organization, 25% of the world population is suffering from  Mental illnesses    But only 40% of these cases are diagnosed and treated. One million annual suicides are the result of these undiagnosed or missed cases. Most common causes for these suicides are depression, dementia, anxiety and Schizophrenia.   Senior Citizens are susceptible to a variety of mental illnesses. Depression is the most common of these. Symptoms of depression include- Lack of interest in activities you enjoyed doing. Sadness or unexplained crying spells, jumpiness or irritability, Loss of memory, inability to concentrate, confusion or disorientation, Thoughts of death or suicide, Change in appetite and sleep patterns. Persistent fatigue, lethargy, aches and other unexplainable physical problems, Dementias and Pseudo/dementias.    These health issues are characterized by confusion, memory loss and disorientation.  Diseases such as Parkinson's and Huntington's as well as high blood pressure and strokes may cause it. When organs such as the heart, lungs, thyroid, pituitary and other glands do not function well, mental processes are affected.   Vitamin B-12 has been extensively researched for its importance in preventing dementia. Studies supporting a beneficial role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of diseases linked to dementia such as vascular and metabolic diseases. Except for the three vitamins - D, K, and Biotin, the other vitamins can be found in fruits, vegetables and lean meats, and must be a part of your regular diet.   Walking ward off mental decline   Walking 'could ward off dementia and mental decline'. Elderly people who get about by walking are less likely to suffer mental decline or even dementia, a study says. Brain scans revealed that older people walking between six and nine miles a week appeared to have more brain tissue in key areas. The Pittsburgh University study of 299 people suggested they had less "brain shrinkage", which is linked to memory problems. The research was reported in the journal Neurology. Exercise improves blood flow to the brain and may help build new brain cells, recent studies show. Mild exercise such as walking can boost brain volume and improve memory in older adults, researchers have found.   Protect Your Brain in Old Age: New research suggests to  protect your brain are:   * Boosting Your B-Vitamin Intake- Researchers at the British Science Festival this week reported findings that high doses of B vitamins and folic acid could reduce memory decline and brain shrinkage   * Cutting Fat, Carbs - A diet low in saturated fat and refined sugars may reduce your risk of developing dementia, according to research published earlier this summer   * Exercising - Aerobic exercise may reduce your chances of developing dementia , and slow the progression of the disease once it starts.                                                                                                                                                     Arthritis and Osteoporosis   Arthritis simply means ‘inflammation of the joints’. The word rheumatism is even more general, and is used to describe aches and pains in joints, bones and muscles. There are more than 200 types of arthritis and rheumatic disease. The symptoms include pain, swelling and stiffness with limitation of joint movement. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is caused by inflammation of the joint lining in synovial (free moving) joints. It can affect any joint, but is more common in peripheral joints, such as the hands, fingers and toes RA can cause functional disability, significant pain and joint destruction, leading to deformity and premature mortality. It usually affects people between 25 years and 55 years of age..  Prevention:  Musculo-skeletal diseases are among the most common diseases in old age  Approximately 70% of these conditions are minor, self-limiting conditions related to trauma, injuries, sprains, wrong use or over-use of the musculo-skeletal system including sudden unaccustomed physical work and habitual bad posture. Another common cause of ‘rheumatism’ is the aging of the joints called osteoarthritis. Although painful and often disabling, this problem is fortunately not a life threatening serious systemic disease.  Osteoarthritis : Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It is a chronic, irreversible and degenerative condition ranging from very mild to very severe. It is characterised by the breakdown of cartilage in joints, which causes affected bones to rub against each other leading to permanent damage.                       Gout: Gout is caused by an excess of uric acid in the body, which then accumulates in certain joints. It causes sudden attacks of severe pain and tenderness, usually in a single joint and most often in the big toe. The extreme pain of gout is usually accompanied by warmth, redness, and swelling.   Osteoporosis is a silent disease in which bones become extremely fragile. If left untreated, it can progress painlessly until a bone breaks. These broken bones, also known as fractures, typically occur in the hip, spine and wrist. They are extremely painful and can take a long time to heal.   Prevention Steps:  Regular physical exercise and walking, a balanced diet, a healthy life style can prevent this disease.  Take your recommended amounts of calcium and vitamin D daily.  Participate in regular weight-bearing exercise.  Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol. Take a bone density test to check the condition of your bones.    Blood Pressure   Blood Pressure  is actually the pressure of blood against the walls of your arteries. Blood pressure is measured in mm Hg. Typical values for a healthy adult human are approximately 120/80. But, if your blood pressure reading is equal to or above 140 over 90 mm Hg, then that means you are suffering from high blood pressure or hypertension. Hypertension has been called the "silent killer" because it usually produces no symptoms. Untreated hypertension increases slowly over the years. Hypertension can cause certain organs (called target organs), including the kidney, eyes, and heart, to deteriorate over time. Malignant hypertension, an emergency condition resulting from untreated primary hypertension, can be lethal. It is important, therefore, for anyone with risk factors to have their blood pressure checked regularly and to make appropriate lifestyle changes.    Symptoms: The general symptoms may occur in high blood pressure are:  Drowsiness, Confusion, Headache,  Nausea, Loss of vision.    Prevention Steps:  Here are some basic steps that may be followed to check High Blood Pressure or Hypertension:   1. Be physical active by regular exercise, walking, yoga etc.   2  Maintain a healthy body weight   3. Follow a healthy eating plan that emphasizes fruits, vegetables and low fat dairy foods.   4.Avoid alcoholic beverages    5 Quit smoking     6. Have a low salt intake.   7. Even an hour of sleep in daytime could help lower blood pressure after mental stress, researchers say. A study conducted by Ryan Brindle and Sarah Conklin from the Allegheny College in the US, found that participants who slept 45 minutes in daytime had lower average blood pressure after stress than those who did not sleep.       Regular intake of grapefruit prevents diabetes, heart problems   Researchers in a new study revels that regular intake of grapes play more important roles in the prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.   The most abundant in grapes are the flavonoids. Other chemical constituents identified in grapefruit include limonoid aglycones, glucosides, furanocoumarins, Vitamin C, folic acid, carotenoids, pectin and potassium.     The secret of long life    There are simple steps that can dramatically increase the probability of living longer and healthier life. Lifestyle choices are far more important- no smoking, regular exercise, not being overweight, and eating a Mediterranean-style diet daily. Diets rich in vegetables and fruits are effective for lowering cholesterol, blood sugar levels, raised blood pressure, prevent constipation and colon cancer.   You have to eat healthy to help keep your body and mind healthy. The experts agree that regardless of gender, men and women would both do well to follow a balanced diet, exercise regularly and avoid stress to live a healthy and long life.    Scientists delay aging by purging old cells Researchers at the Mayo Clinic have concluded that purging cells which accumulate with age could prevent or delay the onset of age-related disorders and disabilities. The study - performed in mouse models - offers the first evidence that so-called "deadbeat" cells could contribute to aging. Scientists delay aging by purging old cells "By attacking these cells and what they produce, one day we may be able to break the link between  aging mechanisms and predisposition to diseases like heart disease, stroke, cancers and dementia," explained James Kirkland,    Heart problems and Heart attack  With age the heart and blood vessels become less efficient even in the absence of obvious diseases. The heart tends to get enlarged and the pumping action decreases. The blood vessels become less pliable and elastic. This can result in the swelling of feet, high blood pressure and heart failure .  The WHO (World Health Organisation) estimates that in 2006, 3 millions people die of cardiovascular (CVD) disease such as heart disease and stoke in India. In India, heart disease is the single largest cause of death in the country. A heart disease or heart attack occurs when the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart is disrupted, usually by a blood clot in one of the coronary arteries that supply the heart with blood. This happens when there is a blockage in one or more coronary arteries. Most heart problems are directly related to unhealthy eating habits, stress and lack of physical exercises.             To prevent heart attacks or other heart diseases, it is important to make changes in your lifestyle and live a healthy life. Undergoing medical check-ups regularly is equally vital.   Some of the basics of staying free from heart diseases are: Eat a healthy diet to prevent or reduce high blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels, Lose weight if you are overweight, Quit smoking, Reduce your stress, Participate in a physical activity and do healthy exercises, walk, run and practice yoga.   Restricting salt consumption to 5gm (one teaspoon in 24 hours) and avoiding salty fried food, pickles and chutneys will help alleviate this problem. Some Specialised heart hospitals in India:   All India Institute of Medical Sciences   Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre   Apollo Hospitals, Narayana Hrudayalaya   Wockhardt Heart Hospitals   Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiology in Bangalore   BM Birla Heart Research Centre                                                                                                                                                                        Stroke   There are 15 million people who have a stroke each year. According to the World Stroke Day 2010 , stroke is the second leading cause of death for people above the age of 60, and the fifth leading cause in people aged 15 to 59.   There care two types of stroke-  1. Ischemic which occurs in 85% of patients and  2. Haemorrhagic which is seen in 15% of patients   The  Ischemic stroke is a sudden block in the blood supply to the brain, causing an infarct (damage) to the brainleading to paralysis of one side of the body                                  The Ischemic stroke is a sudden block in the blood supply to the brain    The Haemorrhagic stroke  is a sudden rupture of artery within the brain leading to brain haemorrhage and paralysis of one half of the body.   Treatment :  Urgent reopening of the blocked artery can save the brain and reverse the paralysis and prevent the disability. For maximum benefit the patient must reach the hospital within 3 hours. In that case, a drug called rtPA is injected IV into the patient i.e.; injecting the drug through veins of the patient.  After 3 hours the brain damage is hard to reverse and the damage may become permanent. Hence reaching the hospital within 3 hours is of paramount importance.   Older people who eat olive oil have a lower risk of stroke than those who do not, suggested a study of more than 7,000 French people that was published July 01, 2011  in the United States.    Cancer   Cancer is a leading cause of death globally: an estimated 7.6 million people died of cancer in 2005 and 84 million people will die in the next 10 years if action is not taken. Cancer is a generic term for a group of more than a hundred diseases that affect different parts of the body. Among elderly men, cancers of the prostrate and colon are the most common while for women it is breast cancer. Other cancers found in geriatric patients are skin, lung, pancreas, bladder, rectum and stomach cancer. A major initiative taken by the Government against Cancer was the launch of the National Cancer Control Programme. This programme aims for primary prevention and early detection of the disease. To improve availability of cancer treatment facilities, various Regional Cancer Centres have been established across the country.   To prevent cancer: 1.Quit smoking, 2. Moderate your diet,  Diets high in fruits and vegetables may have a protective effect against many cancers. 3. Regular physical activity and maintain a healthy body weight. 4. Avoid excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.    In December, 2010 scientists have identified components in Anar (Pomegranate) fruit and Medicine   juice that inhibit the movement of cancer cells.   Some Specialized Cancer Hospitals in India:     Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital and Research Centre  The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute   Indian Cancer Society   Kailash Cancer Hospital and Research Centre   MNJ Institute of Oncology   Apollo Cancer Hospital   Bangalore Institute of Oncology   Tata Memorial Hospital  Mumbai  etc ...   Diabetes   Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar. Diabetes is a disease that affects the body's ability to produce or respond to insulin, a hormone that allows blood glucose (blood sugar) to enter the cells of the body and be used for energy. The government has established a National Diabetes Control Programme to reign in the disease. The main problem with diabetes is that it cannot be cured, it can only be managed.  The common symptoms includes:  excessive thirst,  excessive urination, infections,  extreme hunger,  unusual weight loss, extreme fatigue,  irritability,  nausea,  vomiting,  sweet smelling breath etc.  To control diabetes: Exercise daily: Morning walk, yoga, running and aerobics all help. Make healthy food choices: Choose foods with lower fat, calories and salt. Try fresh vegetables and fresh fruits. Replace soft drinks with fresh juices and water. Eat sensible meals and snacks at regular times throughout the day.    Kidney disease    Kidney disease  is disorder that affects the functioning of the kidneys. It can be characterized as hereditary, congenital or acquired. Chronic kidney disease is known to affect the elderly and is associated with a high risk of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease and death. In India a large number of people go into terminal kidney failure every year, while millions of others suffer from lesser forms of kidney diseases. Keeping in mind the level of kidney problems in India a voluntary organization called the National Kidney Foundation has been formed by concerned individuals.  Prevention of kidney disease:Keep blood pressure under control; Maintain a healthy weight; Maintain healthy levels of fats; Do not smoke or use any tobacco products. Some Specialised Hospitals  treat kidney problems in India are: Wockhardt Hospital and Kidney Institute , National Kidney Foundation and  Indian Renal Foundation    Control Obesity             Obesity increases various diseases  particularly heart disease, type 2 diabetes , obstructive sleep apnea , certain types of cancer , and osteoarthritis . As a result, obesity has been found to reduce life expectancy. Obesity increases the risk of many physical and mental conditions.    A study by Villareal, published in the "New England Journal of Medicine" in March, found diet and exercise together improved physical performance by 21% in obese older adults. A lack of mobility in older obese adults puts them at greater risk for developing high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease.                                                                                                                                                             Blood pressure is measured in mm Hg. Typical values for a healthy adult human are   approximately 120/80.           The majority of people who suffer a heart attack experience symptoms   of a heart attack are:  (i) Chest pain that is unrelieved by rest and often spreads or radiates through the upper body to the arms, neck, shoulders or jaw. (ii) Chest-area pressure, discomfort or squeezing sensation. (iii)Shortness of breath or shallow breathing. (iv) Heart palpitations,   (v)Abnormally weak and/or fast pulse. (vi) Fainting or loss of consciousness. (vii) Feeling tired or fatigued,  sweating,  often heavy and often cold,  etc.    More...           Normal cells          cancer cells        cells continued to devide      Pomegranate to cure cancer        Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability. About 65 percent of deaths among those with diabetes are attributed to heart disease and stroke.             World Kidney Day       Prostate Enlargement   Prostate Enlargement is common disease in old age.Generally  the prostate gland  become enlarged as a man ages. Doctors call this condition benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or benign prostatic hypertrophy.   The symptoms of BPH vary, but the most common ones involve changes or problems with urination, such as a hesitant, interrupted, weak stream urgency and leaking or dribbling more frequent urination, especially at night  Some men with greatly enlarged glands have little obstruction and few symptoms while others, whose glands are less enlarged, have more blockage  and greater problems. Sometimes a man may not know he has any obstruction until he suddenly finds himself unable to urinate at all. This condition, called acute urinary retention, may be triggered by taking over-the-counter cold or allergy medicines.   Severe BPH can cause serious problems in long run. Urine retention and strain on the bladder can lead to urinary tract infections, bladder or kidney damage, bladder stones, and incontinence—the inability to control urination. If the bladder is permanently damaged, treatment for BPH may be ineffective. When BPH is found in its earlier stages, there is a lower risk of developing such complications. The diagnosis of BPH requires several tests to help the doctor to identify the problem and decide whether surgery is needed. More information ...Prostate Enlargement    Osteoporosis (Weak bones)  Osteoporosis with growng age is a condition that means your bones are weak, and you're more likely to break a bone. A broken bone can cause disability, pain, or loss of independence. It can make it harder to do daily activities without help, such as walking. It can also cause severe back pain and deformity. Osteoporosis can happen to any of your bones, but is most common in the hip, wrist, and in your spine or vertebrae.Vertebrae bones support your body to stand and sit upright.  Dr Mahesh Bijjawara, a spine surgeon at Mahaveer Jain Hospital, said this while speaking on the occasion of the World Osteoporosis Day on October 20, 2010 said “Major osteoporosis fractures occur in the spine, wrist and hip bones and, between 25 % to 60 %  of women aged over 60 years develop spinal compression fractures.”                                                                                              There are tests you can get to find out your bone strength, also called bone density. There are also other types of bone strength tests too. If you are age 65 and older, you should get a bone density test. The best way to prevent weak bones is easy--start by building strong ones. The following steps are helpful  to stop your bones from becoming weak and brittle. 1. Get enough calcium each day. 2. Get enough vitamin D each day. You can get vitamin D through sunlight and milk. 3. Eat a healthy diet. - like vitamin A, vitamin C, magnesium, and zinc, as well as protein. Milk, fruits and green green leafy vegetables contains most of vitamins. 4. Being active really helps your bones. 5. Don't smoke. Smoking damages your bones and lowers the estrogen in your body. 6. Reduce your chances of falling by making your home safer.   Tuberculosis  Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of deaths  in India. These deaths can be prevented through modern anti-TB treatment such as Directly Observed Treatment Short Term or DOTS. This medication needs to be undertaken for a prescribed duration. The government has established the National Tuberculosis Programme to create the infrastructure for the control of the disease.  Precaution to prevent Tuberculosis:  Wash your hands frequently, especially after being around people with chronic coughs. Take an annual TB test. They are available at minimal costs at community clinics. Chest X-ray cab be undertaken to detect clinical signs of TB in lungs. Avoid standing close to people when they are coughing. A lot of fresh air should be inhaled to keep lungs healthy.  A healthy diet that is rich in vitamins, minerals, calcium, protein and fibre should be consumed. Treatment for Tuberculosis is provided at all government hospitals and health care centres.  More World TB Day    Eyes Diseases   Eye diseases like cataracts and age related macular degeneration, loss of vision etc. are major eye problems in old age. The Government has launched the National Programme for Control of Blindness to treat various eye problems and control blindness.            As the population ages, the concern over AMD (age-related macular degeneration) grows. The disease is  common among people 75 and older, a group that will triple in size over the next 40 years, Mares noted. Already, one in four people older than 65 have early signs of AMD, she said. AMD is caused by abnormal blood vessel growth behind the retina or a breakdown of light-sensitive cells within the retina itself, both of which can lead to serious vision impairment.   Now all Eye problems can be cured with the use of nanotechnology : It is now possible to become older without degradation of the eye with nanotechnology and chemistry on the path to finding solutions to a host of problems. Age-related blindness, cataract and other retinal diseases can be prevented and cured with the use of nanotechnology. With more than 40 million people in the world suffering from blindness, experts at the Chennai Chemistry Conference said it was now possible to prevent and postpone cataract with the help of nanoparticles that carry therapeutic agents.  Stem cell Technology:   In a first, medical experts have reported a major scientific breakthrough wherein stem cells could be used in the battle to cure blindness in humans. "Glaucoma remains a leading cause of blindness worldwide and there is currently no way to restore vision once it has been lost. Fight for Sight funding is helping us explore the possibility that stem cell treatments could one day be used to treat glaucoma," the Scotsman quoted Professor Keith Martin, a neuroscientist at Cambridge University, as saying.   Care to avoid eye problems:  While reading or doing concentrated activity, rest your eyes for five to   30- minute intervals. Look away from your work, close your eyes, or simply stare off into space. Blink regularly. Palm your eyes. Sit comfortably, breathe deeply and cover your eyes with the palms of your hands. Protect your eyes from direct sunrays and any kind of dangerous substances.  Green Tea:  Scientists have discovered that green tea can help prevent glaucoma and other eye diseases. They have found that the healthful substances found in green tea — renowned for their powerful antioxidant and disease-fighting properties — do penetrate into tissues of the eye. The new study has documented how the lens, retina, and other eye tissues absorb these substances. Chi Pui Pang and colleagues pointed out that so-called green tea ‘catechins’ have been among a number of antioxidants thought capable of protecting the eye. Those include vitamin C, vitamin E, lutein, and zeaxanthin..   Some Specialised Eye Hospitals in India:  AIIMS; Wockhardt Eye Hospital, Mumbai Sankara Nethralaya; Chaithanya Eye Hospital and Research Institute ;Guru Nanak Eye Centre Aravind Eye Hospital.    Skin Care   The skin loses its elasticity with age, becoming dry and wrinkled. Itching and scratching cause mechanical injury and secondary bacterial infection. Apply a small quantity of a mixture of 500ml of coconut oil, 500ml of sesame oil and 100ml of olive oil half an hour before bath. Add a teaspoon of coconut oil to the bath water. Use a moisturising soap. Apply body lotion or baby oil after bath.    Doctors recommends foods rich in antioxidants -- green tea, citrus fruits like oranges and pomegranate, spinach, collard greens, broccoli, romaine lettuce and egg yolks -- to combat skin damage from the sun and aging. There have been several studies linking foods rich in antioxidants to protection from the damaging effects of ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet radiation is known to cause production of harmful free radicals, are linked to aging and skin cancer.   Mosquito bite Diseases  Mosquito bite diseases are Malaria a mosquito-born fever,  Dengu a mosquito-born fever and Chikungunya a new threat.  Malaria, Dengu and also Chikungunya are a major killer in many countries where resources for prevention, proper diagnosis and drug treatments are lacking.  Fall-related injury in old age    In old age changes in vision, hearing, muscle strength, co-ordination and reflexes make older people vulnerable to falls. In addition, diseases of the heart, brain, bones and joints, thyroid and diabetes may affect the balance and gait. Improper lighting, slippery or uneven ground surface, assistive devices, misplaced furniture, pets and footwear are among the most common environmental culprits.   With age, one tends to walk slower and loses stability, that affects balance. Though surgeries and implants have, to a large extent, overcome the prospect of lifelong disability associated with fall, old age-related falls are considered a common cause of death. The incidence of hip fracture is high in old age. Older adults, falls are indeed a leading cause of injury-related deaths. These are the most common cause of non-fatal injuries and hospital admissions for trauma.   Thousands of older men and women are disabled, often permanently, due to falls that lead to fractures. The fear of fall can be psychologically debilitating. Every year, thousands of older adults fall and hurt themselves. Falls are one of the main causes of injury and disability in people age 65 or more. People who have suffered a stroke, multiple sclerosis or osteoporosis, are also at risk.  However, some precautions can prevent such accidents. One must walk with a stick, avoid uneven surfaces and spreading of small carpets as old people can stumble over them.                                                                                                                                             Old Age Ailments Can Be Staved Off by Thinking Young     Harvard researchers claim those who are young in thought and in the way they dress, are also far healthier than those who act their age. They claim by refusing to grow old gracefully one can to some degree stave of even heart disease and cancer from developing.   The researchers came up with these intriguing claims by experimenting with elderly men transported back to 1959 for a week. They were moved into accommodation with a Fifties decor, TV shows and music of that time was played and they were asked to talk and act as if they were living then. They saw a noticeable difference in all the participants who looked three years younger by the end of the week.      Thyroid  disorders   In the normal course of old age a slowing down of the physical or mental functions is usually accepted and may be treated with proper nutrition, hormones, exercise, or a change of lifestyle. Perhaps one of the under-diagnosed health problems in old age is hypothyroidism, an insufficient production or absorption of the thyroid hormone that won't allow our metabolism to function at its peak efficiency.      The thyroid is a small, butterfly- shaped gland located in the neck, over the trachea, or windpipe, just below the larynx. The thyroid has tremendous responsibilities, as it is the gland that affects virtually all metabolic processes and is vital for the normal function of every cell in the body. It does this by releasing certain hormones known as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which in turn regulate the body's metabolism, temperature, and heart rate. Should it produce too little or too much, all kinds of bad things begin to happen.   People who are tired, restless, chronically constipated, overweight, and with falling hair, women whose menstrual flow is too heavy, with dry skin. Identifying hypothyroidism requires a high index of suspicion.  It requires blood tests that measure how much thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is being produced by the brain and how much thyroid hormone is actually circulating in your body.   New blood test can predict how long one will liveA new blood test could help predict how long someone has to live, based on how fast they are ageing. Researchers have developed the $700 test in May 2011, which they say accurately measures the length of a person's telomeres that is thought to be linked to longevity.   To maintain a good  health    To maintain a good state of health or at least prevent deterioration - •Have adequate sleep, between seven and eight hours  per day •Eat meals that will ensure balanced nutrition •Have regular physical and intellectual exercises •Maintain appropriate weight •Have money adequate for your needs, including health matters •Live in healthy environment •Avoid loneliness •Work opportunities for those willing and able.   Go Green in old age  The research suggests a number of naturally-occurring substances may offer the hope of new treatments to block the progression of inflammation. It is credited with a major role in both the initiation and development of diseases ranging from cancer, diabetes and arthritis through to neuro-degenerative conditions and cardiovascular and pulmonary problems. "For thousands of years people used natural remedies to try -- and sometimes succeed -- in curing their ailments and preserving their youth," Professor Declan Naughton, from the University's School of Life Sciences, said.    The new study  tested 21 plant extracts for evidence of their efficiency in fighting cancer and also in the battle against aging. Of the 21 extracts, three -- white tea, witch hazel and rose -- showed considerable potential, with white tea displaying the most marked  results. "Indeed it appeared that drinking a simple cup of white tea might well help reduce an individual's risk of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis or even just age-associated wrinkles," Professor Naughton said.   A new study has suggested that sticking to a vegetarian diet can help   Kidney disease  patients avoid accumulating toxic levels of phosphorous in their bodies. Kidney disease patients must limit their phosphorous intake, as high levels of the mineral can lead to heart disease and death. While medical guidelines recommend low phosphorus diets for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), phosphorus content is not listed on food labels.   Regular use of  some medicinal plants are very helpful in old age  Tulsi (Holy Basil) has a positive effect over Blood Pressure and also a de-toxicant, its regular use prevents Heart Disease.. Ayurveda recommends taking a tonic made from the fruit  Amala:A Medicinal Plant throughout the winter months ia very important ingredient in the famous Chyavanaprash.  Ashwagandha -a Medicinal  Plant is the best rejuvenate in old age that helps maintain proper nourishment of the tissues, particularly muscle and bones, while supporting the proper function of the adrenals and reproductive system.  Learn Gardening, it is an adventure and keeps you always fit and young.   Suggestions to remain healthy  To remain healthy in old age, control your weight, blood pressure and diabetes, eat four to six portions of fruit or vegetables daily, do not smoke, avoid salt, drink alcohol in moderation, walk daily, maintain muscle strength and flexibility with exercise and sleep for six or seven hours a night .   Adopting healthful habits can significantly alter the course of aging and prevent common diseases. Here are some suggestions to remain healthy in old age :  * Drink enough water:  It cleanses your body machinery and helps your heart in functioning well. Drinking of enough water will keep away chances of kidney stone and urine  problem. It will also keep you looking young and active along with natural glow on your face.  * Exercise regularly:  Vigorous physical activity may stop you from looking and feeling old, it may even help you live longer. Whether you're 30, 60 or 90, endurance enables you to do what you want to do. A study by McMaster University researchers has shown that there is no substitute for exercise when it comes to keeping old age at bay. Research from Tel Aviv University has found that endurance exercises like a jog or spinning class can make us look younger. Exercise unlocksthe stem cells of our muscles. These exercises increase the number of muscle stem cells and enhance their ability to rejuvenate old muscles. Endurance exercises also improve the levels of 'spontaneous locomotion' — the feeling that tells our bodies to just get up and dance. Ageing is typically associated with a reduced level of spontaneous locomotion.  * Well balanced diet: Well balanced diet plays a very important part in keeping you healthy in old  age. Avoid taking rich food like sweets, high stuffed and fried.  You should add calcium rich diet as it will strengthen your bones. Add fruits, vegetables and greens in your daily diet to maintain your health in old age.  * Be happy and engage in recreational activities:  During old age, Factors like social isolation, low income and depression affect health in old age. Loneliness is a common problem in old age and leads to related problems. During this time, it becomes all the more important for seniors to take on some activity which occupy their time.   * Exercise your brain  by participating in mentally stimulating activities such as reading, writing, doing puzzles and play to learn the Chess Game.  * Keep your eyes and ears fit by regular checkup.  Vision and hearing tests by specialists should be a regular part of your anti-aging plan. Sight-threatening diseases that are more common with age, including cataracts, glaucoma and macular degeneration, can be controlled or halted if caught early. Hearing loss, the third most common chronic condition  can contribute to cognitive decline, depression and social isolation,    To reduce your risk of eye disease, avoid tobacco smoke, wear sunglasses, maintain a healthy weight and control high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. To reduce the risk of hearing loss, consider using earplugs in noisy places.  * Check your BP: Always contact with your doctor to keep blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol levels under control even as you get into your 70s and beyond.  ^  Control your overweight.You should be especially vigilant against creeping weight gain. Obesity is the gateway to many ailments, such as heart diseases, diabetes and arthritis.  ^ Back pain is also the  leading cause of disability, trailing only arthritis. Being able to stand straight and remain free of crippling lower-back pain in later years depends on maintaining the strength of the bones in your spine as well as the muscles that support them. Exercises that work muscles in the back and abdomen, such as abdominal curls and trunk extensions, may also help prevent spinal fractures. And activities such as Pilates and yoga can help ease back pain.  ^ To  prevent or alleviate arthritis and joint pain regular excise is the only way. Resistance training doing calisthenics or using elastic bands, free weights or weight machines strengthens the muscles. That, in turn, protects the joints and makes them more stable.  * The fear of falling in old age is often causes anxiety. Generally  30 percent of older people between  65 and  80 and older have fallen at some point. Build strong legs by doing strength exercises.  Sound Sleep:  The team from the University of Warwick and Federico II University Medical School in Naples discovered recently that people who sleep for less than six hours a night are more likely to die early, The previous studies had shown that sleep deprivation was associated with heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol. However, the researchers  found that sleeping too much was linked to early death.   A 30-minute daily walk cuts cancer risk:  A new study has found in early February 2011 that walking for 30 minutes a day could lower the risk of death from colon cancer. According to researchers, such a simple routine could also reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes and other cancers and can even be beneficial after cancer diagnosis, reports the Daily Express. Researchers examined data from more than 150,000 people between 1982 and 2005. Those who exercised consistently for at least 10 years showed the lowest risk of colon cancer death.   Walking Helps Us Preserve Memory:  A recent research discovered that a simple walk every other day can help elderly people keep their memory fresh longer.40 minutes are enough to boost up the memory level and you can also enjoy yourself during this walk. It is an easy and most pleasant solution for those aiming to preserve their memory for a longer period of time.    An apple a day    An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Now, scientists claim the fruit may help one live longer — at least among flies. Researchers at the Chinese University of Hong Kong found that when given an apple extract, fruit flies, which share many genes with humans despite their tiny size, lived 10% longer than those fed normally.   In another study, researchers who quizzed women about their diets found that those who regularly ate apples were 20% less likely to suffer heart attacks and strokes.              Senior Citizens are susceptible to a variety of mental illnesses. Depression is the most common of these. Yoga is the best cure.   More  Mental Health      Basil in Old age.        Tulsi (Holy Basil)      Scientifically basil is considered a very effective medicinal plant. It is like an elixir for human beings. It is not just an effective drug to cure diseases but is also helpful in preventing them.   New Research   Australian National University led by Dannon Stigers and Chris Easton, research team have discovered a new way in which age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's, heart disease and cataracts can develop. The chemists' discovery relates to protein damage caused by free radicals. These molecules are often mentioned in relation to skin ageing, but the toxic material that builds up when proteins are damaged is also linked to a wide range of degenerative diseases. Smoking, fatty food and environmental pollutants are all culprits, but the body also produces its own free radicals, and as we age, our natural defenses against them weaken.   Combating free radicals with antioxidants is one way to keep the worst effects of old age at bay. "Vitamin E cream is something that we can put on the skin to stop protein degradation," Easton points out. "People take Vitamin E supplements or eat foods that are high in vitamin E. The other thing you can do is eat lots of onion and garlic because it has these antioxidants. Or of course the most popular one is to drink lots of red wine."  However, while diet and exercise still matter in the fight against ageing, lifestyle is not the only factor at play. Stigers' and Easton's research may lead to the development of new drug treatments; meanwhile, genes also play their part - some of us simply have better defenses against free radicals than others.    Tomatoes can save you from high cholesterol: Tomatoes may be an effective alternative to drugs in lowering cholesterol and BP and in preventing heart disease. A bright red pigment called lycopene found in tomatoes and to a lesser extent in watermelon, guava, papaya and pink grapefruit has antioxidant properties that are vital to good health. Karin Ried and her colleague Peter Fakler from the University of Adelaide are the first to summarise the effect of lycopene on cholesterol and blood pressure (BP), analysing the collective results of 14 studies over the last 55 years.   Damaged DNA in Old Age Causes Pneumonia   A team of researchers from The University of Texas Health Science Centre San Antonio has revealed in May 2011 that DNA in old age gets damaged which makes elder people vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia. Community-acquired pneumonia is a disease caused due to infection in the lungs. The symptoms of the disease include difficulty in breathing, chest pain, fever and cough. It has been observed that about 1 billion adults all over the world are at the risk of pneumonia. Out of them 800 million adults are older than 65 and an estimated 210 million are suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).   Both age and COPD, by scientists, have been associated with senescent cells, which are unable to die due to dysregulated function. It has been told that these cells carry increased levels of proteins which is disease-causing bacteria stick to and co-opt to invade the bloodstream. Moreover, the cells discharge out molecules that increase inflammation, and cause the same reaction in the normal cell. A senior author of the study Carlos Orihuela has said that by controlling the inflammatory molecules’ release could short-circuit pneumonia risk in the elderly .      Old Age Ailments Can Be Staved Off by Thinking Young     Harvard researchers claim those who are young in thought and in the way they dress, are also far healthier than those who act their age. They claim by refusing to grow old gracefully one can to some degree stave of even heart disease and cancer from developing.   The researchers came up with these intriguing claims by experimenting with elderly men transported back to 1959 for a week. They were moved into accommodation with a Fifties decor, TV shows and music of that time was played and they were asked to talk and act as if they were living then. They saw a noticeable difference in all the participants who looked three years younger by the end of the week.       Thyroid  disorders   In the normal course of old age a slowing down of the physical or mental functions is usually accepted and may be treated with proper nutrition, hormones, exercise, or a change of lifestyle. Perhaps one of the under-diagnosed health problems in old age is hypothyroidism, an insufficient production or absorption of the thyroid hormone that won't allow our metabolism to function at its peak efficiency.      The thyroid is a small, butterfly- shaped gland located in the neck, over the trachea, or windpipe, just below the larynx. The thyroid has tremendous responsibilities, as it is the gland that affects virtually all metabolic processes and is vital for the normal function of every cell in the body. It does this by releasing certain hormones known as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which in turn regulate the body's metabolism, temperature, and heart rate. Should it produce too little or too much, all kinds of bad things begin to happen.   People who are tired, restless, chronically constipated, overweight, and with falling hair, women whose menstrual flow is too heavy, with dry skin. Identifying hypothyroidism requires a high index of suspicion.  It requires blood tests that measure how much thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is being produced by the brain and how much thyroid hormone is actually circulating in your body.     New blood test can predict how long one will liveA new blood test could help predict how long someone has to live, based on how fast they are ageing. Researchers have developed the $700 test in May 2011, which they say accurately measures the length of a person's telomeres that is thought to be linked to longevity.   To maintain a good  health    To maintain a good state of health or at least prevent deterioration - •Have adequate sleep, between seven and eight hours  per day •Eat meals that will ensure balanced nutrition •Have regular physical and intellectual exercises •Maintain appropriate weight •Have money adequate for your needs, including health matters •Live in healthy environment •Avoid loneliness •Work opportunities for those willing and able.  An apple a day    An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Now, scientists claim the fruit may help one live longer — at least among flies. Researchers at the Chinese University of Hong Kong found that when given an apple extract, fruit flies, which share many genes with humans despite their tiny size, lived 10% longer than those fed normally.   In another study, researchers who quizzed women about their diets found that those who regularly ate apples were 20% less likely to suffer heart attacks and strokes.                Senior Citizens are susceptible to a variety of mental illnesses. Depression is the most common of these. Yoga is the best cure.   More  Mental Health          Basil in Old age.        Tulsi (Holy Basil)    Scientifically basil is considered a very effective medicinal plant. It is like an elixir for human beings. It is not just an effective drug to cure diseases but is also helpful in preventing them. It is believed that if a person consumes at least 5 fresh basil leaves then diseases like cough, cold, fever, malaria, kala-azar, breathing problem, asthama, lack of memory, chronic headache, eye problems, high and low BP, heart problems, obesity, acidity, dysentery, constipation, gas, dyspepsia, kidney malfunction, kidney stone, anaemia, teeth problems. white patches, arthritis, weakness due to old age, deficiency of Vitamin A and C, leprosy, skin problems and even wrinkles can be prevented. Basil also helps boost the immunity and is very effecting in fighting diseases like TB and swine flu.       Tamatoes for health         Tomatoes may be an effective alternative to drugs in lowering cholesterol and BP and in preventing heart disease.                         source:gits4you.com   It is believed that if a person consumes at least 5 fresh basil leaves then diseases like cough, cold, fever, malaria, kala-azar, breathing problem, asthama, lack of memory, chronic headache, eye problems, high and low BP, heart problems, obesity, acidity, dysentery, constipation, gas, dyspepsia, kidney malfunction, kidney stone, anaemia, teeth problems. white patches, arthritis, weakness due to old age, deficiency of Vitamin A and C, leprosy, skin problems and even wrinkles can be prevented. Basil also helps boost the immunity and is very effecting in fighting diseases like TB and swine flu.      Tamatoes for health       Tomatoes may be an effective alternative to drugs in lowering cholesterol and BP and in preventing heart disease.